Structures that are built using masonry techniques are made from single units laid and bound together with mortar, and brick, stone and concrete blocks are the most commonly used materials in masonry construction.
A popular construction technique used the world over, masonry has many advantages, some of which can be found below:
- Non-combustible, masonry gives buildings and their occupants better protection against fires
- Highly resistant to rot, pests, weather and natural disasters like hurricanes and tornadoes, masonry is tough and durable
- Depending on the materials used and the expertise of the builder, masonry structures can give a building a unique look
- Masonry is capable of withstanding large amounts of compressive weight loads
- The thermal mass of a building is increased when masonry is used
- Buildings made using masonry techniques are longer lasting than other types of buildings
There are a few cons to masonry construction, and these typically include the fact that the materials are usually heavy and require special transportation, work cannot be carried out in the rain or freezing conditions and a lot of time and project planning is required.
Let’s look at the pros and cons of each type of material commonly used in masonry construction:
Brick masonry
The pros
Commonly used in masonry construction projects, brick masonry is a reasonably unskilled technique as bricks are uniform in shape and size. Lightweight, easier to maneuver around and transport, bricks are also cheaper than alternative materials such as stones and concrete.
The walls of a building made from bricks are thinner and openings for doors and windows can easily be made.
The cons
With a low resistance against tension and torsion loads, bricks are more susceptible to seismic damage, and when compared to stone and concrete, they are not as strong or durable. Construction costs may also be higher due to finishing techniques such as plasterwork.
Stone masonry
The pros
Extremely durable and weather resistant, stone is a material recommended by many construction companies, particularly for buildings that typically experience high foot traffic, as it doesn’t bend or dent. Requiring little maintenance or repairs, the design possibilities are endless with stone masonry.
The cons
With a self-weight, low flexural and tensile strength, stone masonry can be a time-consuming process and requires skilled workers. Stone walls are also thick and heavy, and can significantly reduce floor space.
Concrete blocks
The pros
Highly resistant to pests, weather and fire not to mention mold, concrete blocks are available in a variety of sizes, finishes and colors. With the possibility of manufacturing them to meet any set project requirements, they also have good insulating properties that can protect against heat, sound and moisture.
The cons
Increasing the amount of steel required in reinforced cement concrete structures, large concrete blocks are also heavy and costs can vary according to the region and its availability. Should a building have a plumbing issue, the blocks must often be cut open, which can lead to costly reparations.
Masonry construction is a worthwhile and effective technique, provided you seek an experienced and reputable general contractor.